For years, the local SEO industry leaned on a handful of ranking-factor surveys to decide where to spend effort. The most cited of them — a 2020 analysis that rounded up expert opinion on what drives local results — is now **offline**. And honestly, a lot of its advice had already aged out before it disappeared. Google Business Profile has absorbed far more ranking weight. Citations have continued their long slide toward irrelevance. And AI-driven search has changed how local intent gets answered at the surface. So this is the replacement. Instead of a once-a-year opinion survey, it draws on **continuous measurement** — VeloRank's Geo-Grid™ tracking scans up to 169 map points per keyword, and our LocalLift™ engine scores 50+ on-page and profile factors for real businesses. What follows is what the data actually shows moves rankings in 2026, ordered by observed impact. Each factor is rated by observed impact on the local pack and local organic results: Critical (table stakes — you won't rank without it), High (reliably separates winners from the middle), Medium (helps, situational), and Low (diminishing returns in 2026). ## The 7 factor categories, ranked by 2026 impact Here's the headline view before we break each one down. The biggest shift since the old 2020 survey: **Google Business Profile and review signals now dominate**, while citations — once a top-three factor — have fallen to a supporting role. | Factor category | 2026 impact | Trend vs. 2020 | | --- | --- | --- | | **Google Business Profile signals** | Critical | ↑ Growing | | **Review signals** | Critical | ↑ Growing | | **Proximity & geo position** | High | → Stable | | **On-page & website signals** | High | → Stable | | **Links & authority** | Medium | → Stable | | **Behavioral & AI-era signals** | Medium | ↑ Emerging | | **Citations** | Low | ↓ Declining | Roughly, GBP and reviews together account for about half of what separates the top of the pack from everyone else. That's directional, based on LocalLift™ factor scoring correlated against Geo-Grid™ rank changes — but the ordering is consistent across the businesses we track. ![Diagram showing the 7 local-search ranking factor categories grouped into four impact tiers: Critical (Google Business Profile signals, Review signals), High (Proximity and geo position, On-page and website signals), Medium (Links and authority, Behavioral and AI-era signals), Low (Citations).](/images/blog/charts/factor-tiers.webp) *Impact tiers, not measurements. Critical: Google Business Profile signals, Review signals. High: Proximity & geo position, On-page & website signals. Medium: Links & authority, Behavioral & AI-era signals. Low: Citations.* ## 1. Google Business Profile signals (Critical) Your Google Business Profile is the single largest controllable input to local rankings. In our data, businesses with a fully-optimized GBP outrank otherwise-identical competitors across the majority of grid points. The sub-factors that matter most, in order: - **Primary category.** The single strongest GBP lever. Choose the category that matches your #1 money keyword, not the broadest one. - **Business name.** Real-world name only — keyword-stuffed names still rank short-term but are the top spam-report trigger and a suspension risk. - **Secondary categories.** Each one is an eligibility ticket for another set of queries. Add every category that genuinely applies. - **Services & products.** Fully populated service items reinforce category relevance and feed AI-generated local answers. - **Completeness & freshness.** Hours, attributes, photos, and regular Posts signal an active, trustworthy listing. GBP fields increasingly feed AI Overviews and voice answers, not just the map pack. A complete profile is now also your structured data for AI local search. ## 2. Review signals (Critical) Reviews are the fastest-moving lever most small businesses underuse. Three dimensions matter: - **Quantity & velocity.** A steady stream of new reviews beats a one-time burst. Recency is a ranking input. - **Rating & keywords.** High average rating matters, but so does the *language* — reviews that naturally mention your service and city reinforce relevance. - **Responses.** Owner responses correlate with better pack placement and higher click-through. Don't overlook **reviews on third-party directories** (Yelp, Facebook, industry sites). Prominence on those platforms lifts your listing's authority there and feeds the broader prominence signal Google reads. ## 3. Proximity & the geo-grid reality (High) Proximity to the searcher remains a top factor — and it's the one you can't optimize away. What you *can* do is understand exactly where you win and where you don't. That's why we built Geo-Grid™ tracking: a single "rank #3" average hides the reality that you might rank #1 within a mile and #12 across town. - **You can't move your pin,** but you can expand the radius where you're competitive by strengthening every other factor on this page. - **Service-area businesses** should not expect to rank in the pack far outside their verified city — set realistic geo targets. - **Additional locations** (legitimately staffed) are the only real way to widen pack coverage. ## 4. On-page & website signals (High) Your website still feeds local rankings — both directly (local organic) and indirectly (it reinforces your GBP's relevance). - **A dedicated page per service + location** you want to rank for. One generic "services" page can't rank for everything. - **Title tags & H1s** with the service + city, written for humans. - **LocalBusiness schema** with consistent NAP, geo, and sameAs — use our [free schema generator](/tools/schema-generator) to ship it cleanly. This one's an easy separation play: [87.7% of Minnesota businesses don't have it](/blog/local-seo/minnesota-local-seo-statistics-2026). - **Page speed & mobile.** Slow, broken mobile pages suppress both organic and pack performance. This is table stakes in 2026. - **Embedded map + consistent NAP** in the footer and contact page. ## 5. Citations — the long decline (Low) Citations were a top-three factor a decade ago. In 2026 they're a **foundational hygiene signal, not a growth lever.** Mass citation building hits diminishing returns fast. What a healthy citation profile looks like now: - The core listings: **Google, Apple Maps, Bing, Facebook, Yelp**. - The major data aggregators that feed the ecosystem. - Every **industry-specific** directory for your category. - Every **city/state-specific** directory for your location. - A handful of top general directories — then stop. Getting reviews on the niche directories you do claim. Prominence there can push you to the top of that site's category page — a listing that passes real authority and relevant content. Most businesses skip this. ## 6. Links & authority (Medium) Links matter less for the local pack than for organic, but authoritative, *locally-relevant* links still move both. Quality beats quantity: a link from a local news outlet, a chamber, or a respected industry resource outweighs dozens of directory links. (It's also why keeping the web's links working matters — a dead resource with live backlinks is an opportunity for whoever builds the replacement. Which, not coincidentally, is exactly how this page came to exist.) ## 7. Behavioral & AI-era signals (Medium) The newest category — and the one the old 2020 survey couldn't have anticipated. - **Click-through & engagement** on your listing (calls, direction requests, website taps) feed prominence. - **AI Overviews & voice.** Local intent is increasingly answered by AI that reads your GBP, reviews, and structured data. Clean, complete, consistent data is how you get recommended. - **Brand searches.** People searching your name directly is a durable authority signal. ## Local SEO myth-busting ## Your 2026 local SEO to-do list **Nail your primary GBP category** and add every relevant secondary category. This is the highest-leverage single change most businesses can make. **Build a review engine** — a steady, compliant stream of new Google reviews, plus responses to all of them. Velocity and recency count. **Map your real coverage** with a geo-grid scan so you know where you actually win, instead of trusting one average position. **Ship a dedicated page** for each service + location, with LocalBusiness schema and consistent NAP. **Clean up core citations** (Google, Apple, Bing, Facebook, Yelp + your niche) — then stop building mass citations. **Complete every GBP field** — hours, attributes, services, photos. It's now your structured data for AI local answers. **Track rank movement** against the factors above, not a single average position. The [free SEO scorecard](/tools/scorecard) grades your site on the biggest ones in about a minute. Find a starting point with our [free SEO tools](/tools), or [request an expert local SEO audit](/local-seo-audit). ## The bottom line The signals that decide local rankings in 2026 aren't mysterious — they're just different from what a five-year-old survey says. Google Business Profile and reviews carry the most weight, proximity sets your ceiling, your website and links support the whole thing, and citations have settled into a hygiene task you finish and move on from. The businesses that win the local pack aren't doing anything exotic. They're doing the Critical factors completely, the High factors well, and they're measuring the result across their real service area instead of guessing. That's the whole game.

Local Search Ranking Factors 2026: What Actually Moves the Needle